"Gandhi's Enduring Legacy: Martyrs' Day Remembrance in South Africa Highlights His Impact on the Struggle Against Discrimination"

New Delhi. January 30 is observed as Martyrs' Day across the country to honor those who sacrificed their lives for the independence of the nation. This day is also known as 'Shaheed Diwas' or 'Sarvodaya Diwas.' Its significance lies in being the death anniversary of Mahatma Gandhi, who was assassinated during evening prayers in New Delhi in 1948. Gandhi played a crucial role in India's struggle for independence, advocating peaceful and nonviolent methods against British rule. While Gandhi is remembered worldwide, he shares a special connection with South Africa.

In South Africa, Gandhi initiated the use of satyagraha against racial and caste discrimination. Nelson Mandela later adopted this movement, using Gandhi's principles of nonviolent disobedience to end racial segregation – apartheid in South Africa. Gandhi's significant contribution in South Africa is noteworthy.

In 1893, Gandhi traveled to South Africa to handle a case for an Indian firm. He faced various forms of racial discrimination, prompting him to confront the injustice. The term "satyagraha" originated during his opposition to the discriminatory laws of the South African government, based on nonviolent principles and steadfast resistance.

In 1894, Gandhi confronted racial discrimination in South Africa, leading to his decision to stay there for 21 years, engaging in social work and practicing law. He founded the Natal Indian Congress, marking the beginning of his journey with satyagraha.

During the Boer War in 1899, Gandhi organized the Indian Ambulance Corps for the British Army. In 1906, amidst the tumult of the Zulu Rebellion, he established the Indian Ambulance Corps again. The first satyagraha campaign against the Asiatic Ordinance began in Johannesburg during the anti-Indian sentiment in 1906.

In 1907, the Black Act led to a satyagraha movement against forced registration of Indians and other Asians. In 1910, near Johannesburg, Tolstoy Farm was established, and in 1913, Gandhi led the Great March against racial segregation and oppressive policies.