Highest Judicial Authority: The Supreme Court is the apex judicial body in a country's legal system, possessing the highest authority in interpreting and adjudicating matters of law.
Final Court of Appeal: In many legal systems, the Supreme Court serves as the final court of appeal, where decisions made by lower courts can be reviewed and, if necessary, overturned.
Constitutional Interpretation: One of the primary roles of the Supreme Court is interpreting the constitution. It ensures that laws and government actions adhere to the constitutional framework.
Appellate Jurisdiction: The Supreme Court often has appellate jurisdiction, meaning it hears appeals from lower courts, providing a crucial check on the legal decisions made at lower levels.
Original Jurisdiction: While primarily appellate, the Court may have original jurisdiction in specific cases, especially those involving state disputes.
Judicial Review: The power of judicial review enables the Supreme Court to assess the constitutionality of legislative and executive actions, ensuring a system of checks and balances.
Nomination and Confirmation: Justices are nominated by the head of state and undergo a confirmation process, often involving legislative approval.
Legal Precedents: Supreme Court decisions set legal precedents, guiding lower courts and influencing law interpretation.
Public Interest Cases: Often addressing cases of significant public interest, the Court ensures justice, fundamental rights, and fair legal application.